Mount Chimborazo is an extinct volcano located in the Andes Mountains of central Ecuador, 150 93 miles south-southwest of the capital Quito. 

The mountain's claim to fame relies on a peculiarity of the Earth's diameter at the equator. Since the Earth bulges at the equator and Chimborazo is just one degree south, this means the summit of Chimborazo is the furthest point from the center of the Earth (3,968 mi). However, since the elevations of mountains are given in relation to mean sea level, Everest (29,035 feet) is given the glory of highest point on Earth. Chimborazo is higher than any other mountain in the Americas north of it. 

Until the beginning of the nineteenth century it was thought that Chimborazo was the highest mountain on Earth (measured from sea level), and such reputation led to many attempts on its summit during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. In 1802 during his expedition to South America, Baron Alexander von Humboldt, accompanied by Aimé Bonpland and the Ecuadorian Carlos Montúfar attempted to reach the summit. From his description of the mountain it seems he reached a point at 5,875 meters, from where he and his companions returned suffering from altitude sickness. At that point they had reached the highest point attained by any human being in recorded history. Finally Edward Whymper and the brothers Louis and Jean-Antoine Carrel climbed it in 1880. As there were many critics who doubted that Whymper had reached the summit, later in the same year he climbed to the summit again choosing a different route with the Ecuadorians David Beltrán and Francisco Campaña. 

Cotopaxi is a volcano in Ecuador, the second highest in the country (the highest one being Chimborazo), and one of the highest active volcanoes in the world. However, despite occasional claims, it is not the highest historically active volcano, that title being held by the much higher Llullaillaco volcano (active in 1877) on the border between Chile and Argentina. It is situated about 50 km south of Quito. Cotopaxi is more than 3,000 meters higher than its surroundings. The base of this strato-volcano has a width about 23 km. 

There have been more than 50 eruptions of Cotopaxi since 1738. Numerous valleys formed by powerful lahars (mudflows) surround the volcano. This poses a high risk to the local population, their settlements and fields. The city Latacunga has been completely destroyed at least twice in its history. The most violent historical eruptions happened in 1744, 1768, and 1877. Pyroclastic flows descended all sides of the volcano in 1877, and lahars traveled more than 100 km into the Pacific Ocean and western Amazon basin. There was a major eruption in 1903 through 1904, and some minor activity in 1942. 

Ojos del Salado is an extinct volcano on the border of Argentina-Chile and also the highest volcano on Earth. The mountain is the highest in Chile and is located about 550 km north of Aconcagua (6962 m), the highest in South America. 

Due to its location in the Atacama Desert, the mountain has very dry conditions with snow only remaining on the peak during winter. Thus, winter ascents are recommended. The ascent is mostly a hike except for the final section to the summit, which is a difficult scramble that may require ropes. J. Wojsznis and J. Szczepanski made the first ascent in 1937. 

Pichincha is an active volcano in the country of Ecuador who's capital Quito wraps around its eastern slopes. The province in which it is located takes its name from the mountain, as is the case for many of the other provinces in Ecuador (Cotopaxi, Chimborazo, Imbabura, etc). In October of 1999, the volcano erupted and covered the city with several inches of ash. Prior to that, the last major eruption was in 1660, when about a foot of ash fell on the city. The mountain's two highest peaks are the Guagua (15,695ft/4,794 m), which means "child" in Quechua and the Rucu (15413ft/4,698m), which means "old person". The active caldera is in the Guagua, on the western side of the mountain. Both peaks are visible from the city of Quito and are easily climbed. Guagua is usually accessed from the village Lloa outside of Quito. 

Tungurahua, (quechua tunguri=gullet, rahua=burn, spit fire), is an active strato-volcano in Ecuador. It is situated in the Central Cordillera of the Ecuadorian Andes, towering above the Amazon forest. Its most recent eruption occurred in 1944. In August 2003, it ejected a plume of ash and smoke 3 miles into the air. It is also known as "The Black Giant". Being active, the rising magma underground causes many tremors in the nearby city of Baños.